Integrative Biomedical Research
Understanding Infectious Diseases: Prevention, Management, and Emerging Challenges
Badr Rashd Alrashedi 1*, Sari Mabrook Alrasheedi 1, Eman Smair Alanazi 1, Fatmah Malfi Altalouhi 1, Samar Saad Alotaibi 1, Tariq Mohammed Ruwayshid Alrehaili 1, Fahad Farej F. Alshammari 1, Badr Rashd Alrashedi 1, Abdullah Saleh Alshowmer 1, Abdullah Sabih Alanazi 1, Hamad Wazi Mulhi Alqahtani 1, Meshaal Ibrahim Al Owais 1, Adel Awadh Alrasheedi 1, Naser Algareesh 1, Sultan Khalifah Mabruk Almutairi 1, Mohammed Saeed Saleh Al Qahtani 1
Journal of Angiotherapy 8 (8) 1-15 https://doi.org/10.25163/angiotherapy.8810537
Submitted: 30 May 2024 Revised: 31 July 2024 Accepted: 06 August 2024 Published: 08 August 2024
Abstract
Infectious diseases continue to pose a major challenge to global health, affecting millions annually and straining healthcare systems worldwide. This systematic review provides a comprehensive overview of infectious diseases, exploring their definitions, classifications, and the diverse nature of bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections. The review demonstrates how pathogens interact with hosts, the typical symptoms of infections, and the environmental and social factors that facilitate disease spread. Emphasis is placed on preventive strategies, including vaccination, personal hygiene, community-level interventions, hospital infection control practices, and global public health policies. The review also addresses treatment approaches, the role of antimicrobials, and the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance. Emerging infectious threats and future challenges are highlighted, underlining the critical need for robust surveillance, ongoing research, and international collaboration. By integrating knowledge of disease transmission, prevention, and management, this review aims to provide a holistic understanding of infectious diseases. Special attention is given to safeguarding vulnerable populations, emphasizing the importance of early detection, preventive measures, and informed public health policies to reduce disease burden effectively. This review underscores the interconnectedness of individual, community, and global efforts in controlling infectious diseases and fostering resilient healthcare systems.
Keywords: infectious diseases, pathogens, disease prevention, vaccination, antimicrobial resistance, infection control, epidemiology, public health, microbial infections, parasitic diseases
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